Which of the following are valid hashing algorithms?

The selection of SHA-256 and MD-5 as valid hashing algorithms is correct. SHA-256 is part of the SHA-2 family and is widely used for secure hashing. It produces a 256-bit hash value, making it suitable for various security applications and protocols, including SSL and TLS. On the other hand, MD-5, despite its vulnerabilities and being considered cryptographically broken for many applications, is still recognized as a hashing algorithm used in various contexts, such as checksums for verifying data integrity.

In contrast, other options contain either algorithms that are not valid hashing algorithms or incorrect representations of known algorithms. For instance, DES-2048 is not a hashing algorithm but refers to the Data Encryption Standard, which is an encryption algorithm rather than a hashing method. HashSHA is not a recognized hashing algorithm, which further clarifies why those combinations do not represent valid hashing algorithms. The correct option combines recognized hashing algorithms, affirming their validity in cryptographic operations.