Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for transmitting data using transmission protocols including TCP and UDP?

The Transport layer is responsible for transmitting data using transmission protocols, specifically TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol). This layer plays a crucial role in managing end-to-end communication, ensuring that data packets are delivered reliably, in sequence, and without errors, which is a primary function of TCP. In contrast, UDP is used when speed is prioritized over reliability, making it suitable for applications like live video streaming or online gaming where occasional data loss is acceptable.

At this layer, the protocols work to establish connections and manage flow control and error correction, making it essential for effective data transmission across networks. The other layers serve different functions; for example, the Network layer focuses on routing data between devices across network boundaries, the Data Link layer handles the transmission of data across a single physical link, and the Application layer interfaces directly with end-user applications to provide network services. Understanding these distinctions highlights the specific role of the Transport layer in the OSI model.